American Musical Instruments

What musical instruments come from South America?

Latin American musicians who play musical instruments, particularly pan flutes.

There are around twenty traditional Latin American musical instruments. They are known by the following names:

AgogĂŽ, atabaque, bajo, bongo, cajĂłn, castanets, charango, claves, conga, cuatro, pan flute, maracas, marimbula, pandeiro, quena, reco-reco, repinique, Cuban timbales, tres, and uka.

Among the best known of these South American instruments is the pan flute, shown on the left in the photograph. This instrument, made up of several tubes of different lengths, is very old. Archaeological research has shown that it dates back at least to the Neolithic period (around 2000 BCE).

The bongo, meanwhile, originated in Cuba in the 19th century. It consists of two drums fixed together, one of which is slightly larger than the other so that the musician can produce different tones.

Invented in Peru in the 18th century, the cajón is a world instrument that is rectangular in shape, about 20 in (50 cm) tall and 12 in (30 cm) wide and deep. The interior is hollow with an opening at the back to create a sound chamber. It is played by striking this wooden “box” directly with the hands.

Here are some of the best-known musical instruments from North America:

Banjo, two-tone wood block, guitar (acoustic, bass, and electric), electric organ, sousaphone, synthesizer, tongue drum, ukulele, vibraphone, and waterphone.

The tongue drum is a relatively recent instrument, invented in 2007 in the United States and originally made from a simple gas cylinder. Tongue-shaped cutouts are made in the cylinder’s body to produce notes when the player strikes these “tongues.”

Originating in Hawaii, the ukulele is a type of small 4-string guitar dating back to 1879. This instrument is highly appreciated for its small size, which makes it very easy to carry, and its versatility.

Often associated with country music, the banjo is an American instrument similar to a guitar, but without a sound hole. Instead, it has a membrane (drumhead) stretched directly over the frame of the instrument’s body.

Archaeological research has uncovered around a hundred Native American musical instruments from both North and South America. Here are the best known:

Antara, bombo, caja, gĂŒiro, maracas, rhombe, siyoanka, and water drum.

Maracas, the best-known instrument on the list, are similar to children’s rattles that make sound when the musician shakes them. Widely used today in the Caribbean, records suggest that in 1578, explorer Jean LĂ©ry reported seeing these instruments in the Amazon.

Meaning “the singing stick” in the Sioux language, the siyotanka resembles a flute about 20 in (50 cm) long. This instrument was used for religious ceremonies.

The gĂŒiro is a gourd that has been hollowed out and carved with several grooves on its surface. The instrument is then scraped with a wooden stick or comb to produce sounds. Traces of this instrument have been found among the indigenous peoples of the Caribbean.